How do resistors function within electrical circuits?

Resistors function within electrical circuits primarily by limiting current flow and dividing voltage. This is achieved through their inherent property of resistance, which impedes the flow of electric current. When an electric current passes through a resistor, energy is dissipated in the form of heat, which is why resistors are often used to control current to protect sensitive components in a circuit.

In terms of voltage division, when resistors are arranged in series, they can create specific voltage drops across each resistor proportional to their resistance values. This allows for a precise distribution of voltage within the circuit, which is crucial for the operation of various electronic devices. By controlling both the current and voltage, resistors play a vital role in ensuring that electrical circuits operate safely and effectively.