What is the purpose of a circuit breaker?

The purpose of a circuit breaker is to protect electrical circuits by interrupting excessive current flow. When the current flowing through a circuit exceeds a certain safe limit, usually due to a fault like a short circuit or overload, the circuit breaker automatically opens, thereby interrupting the flow of electricity. This action prevents damage to electrical components and reduces the risk of fires or other hazards caused by excessive heat generated by overcurrent situations.

Unlike the other options, which describe functions that are not related to safety or protection, a circuit breaker specifically serves to safeguard both the equipment and users by ensuring that circuits do not experience conditions that could lead to dangerous situations. By automatically cutting off the electrical supply, circuit breakers play a crucial role in maintaining not just the integrity of electrical systems but also the overall safety of environments where electrical devices are used.